ADHD Medication and Pregnancy
Psychiatrists are often approached by women who are trying to have the birth of a child or are pregnant, and are concerned about the effects of their ADHD medication. The good news is that Research suggests that, in the end, it is safe to continue taking stimulant medications during pregnancy.
The results are based on naturalistic studies using a vast sample of first-trimester exposures.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy and the birth of a child are exciting times for women, however some can worry about the effect of their ADHD medication on their child who is yet to be born. Stimulant medications are known to cause teratogenic effects and some physicians recommend patients to stop taking their medication while trying to conceive or in the first trimester of pregnancy. However, many people suffering from ADHD require the benefits of their medication in order to function in daily life and may have difficulty without it during this time.
A recent study from Denmark discovered that exposure to methylphenidate during the first trimester (in the form of a redeemed medication) did not seem to increase the risk of major malformations when compared to the control group that did not receive redeemed medication in the first trimester. The study used registry-based information from various Danish databases to identify pregnant women and their medications before and during pregnancy, including information about whether the woman was treated for ADHD.
Researchers followed 898 babies whose mothers were exposed to methylphenidate and other stimulants in the first trimester. They were compared to 1,270 babies who were part of the group of control and were not exposed to methylphenidate or any other stimulant medication during the first three months of pregnancy.
Both infants underwent an extensive assessment of birth defects in the heart, such as gastroschisis or Omphalocele. The results revealed that infants born to mothers who were exposed to methylphenidate during pregnancy didn't have any increased rates compared with controls. This was the case for the first and second trimesters.
This is a promising study that could provide comfort for women who are pregnant and take ADHD medication and may require or want to continue their treatment during pregnancy. It is important to understand that this study did not assess the impact of other medications or lifestyle changes on a fetus and that other studies have shown an connection between the use of stimulants and adverse outcomes during pregnancy, for example having a caesarean birth or the baby needing support to start breathing at birth.
Breastfeeding
Even if women suffering from ADD or ADHD need to take medication to manage their symptoms, they find that breastfeeding is beneficial for their child. It is important that both the mother and baby are well-nourished. Therefore, adhd medication for adults uk to breastfeed or take ADHD medication should be taken in consultation with a medical professional. According to the most current guidelines and evidence1 women don't have to stop breastfeeding in order to take the prescribed medication. Numerous studies have proven that the neurodevelopmental effects on the infant's health in the long run are not significant when the mother is taking her ADHD medication as prescribed.
Stimulants are the most common medication used to treat ADHD such as methylphenidate (with brand names Ritalin and Concerta) and dexamfetamine (brand name Vyvanse). They come in two forms: immediate-release, which lasts for four hours; and extended release, which is taken daily in the morning, and can last for up to sixteen hours. Many people with ADD or ADHD find that the best way to combat their symptoms is to supplement the extended-release medication with an immediate-release pill in the evening or in the afternoon.
Certain medications, like Clonidine, reduce prolactin production and are not compatible with breastfeeding. Some people suffering from ADD and ADHD don't want to stop breastfeeding for this reason, so they choose to switch to a different stimulant. These medications have lower RIDs and are more likely to be covered by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. It is important to speak with a GP or specialist if you are thinking of changing your medication during pregnancy, breastfeeding or postpartum. They can give advice on the safest medication and how to monitor the baby's weight and growth. The doctor or specialist can assist with referral to a psychologist or psychiatrist to receive additional assistance. They can also refer you to a dietitian who can assist with diet and nutrition.
Postpartum
During pregnancy, women go through immense physical, hormonal and emotional changes in their physical, emotional and hormonal. For some women, the transition to parenthood can be a time of great happiness, joy and love, but also anger and sadness, or even anxiety. This is normal and it's essential to seek assistance from relatives or her doctor and/or mental health professionals if the new mother is struggling.
Having a baby can be exciting and overwhelming, however there is no reason why mothers should feel that she must do it on her own. Finding the right balance is difficult but it can be made easier by allowing yourself time to rest, getting enough sleep and eating well. It is also essential to go to your postpartum checkups as they will be able to identify any potential issues early.
Some women experience a brief period of depression or anxiety after the birth of their child. This is known as the "baby blues." This is a fairly common occurrence, and usually disappear in about a week or two. However for some, the symptoms become more severe and last longer than that. This is known as postpartum depression disorder and is treatable. If a woman has had anxiety or depression before it, she is at a higher risk of developing it again following the birth of her baby.
In certain instances, a woman may develop postpartum psychiasis. This is extremely dangerous for both mother and child. It is a psychiatric emergency that should be treated immediately. Treatment may include a combination of medication and therapy. A therapist with experience in this condition can be extremely beneficial. If the symptoms are severe electroconvulsive (ECT) therapy is advised.
In the event of postpartum psychiasis in a mother who is pregnant, the doctor will likely prescribe an antipsychotic like lithium or Valproate and a mood stabilizer such as citalopram. They may also suggest a course of cognitive behavioural therapy to help with the root causes. Tricyclic antidepressants, such as nortriptyline and imipramine are often prescribed, but they can have serious side effects. They are typically prescribed if other treatments have failed.
Adolescence
Adolescence is an important time for physical, cognitive and psychosocial development. Adolescence is a period of rapid growth in terms of cognitive, physical and psychosocial development. Adolescents are attracted to expanding their social circle beyond only their family members to include peers, friends and acquaintances with whom they spend a significant amount of time at school or other activities. Their social networks could comprise members of student groups, team sports or jobs.
As we grow older, the changes in brain structure and connectivity interact with increasing experience, knowledge and social demands, resulting in rapid cognitive growth. This includes improvements in selective and divided focus (the ability of focusing on multiple things at the same time) and working memory and long-term memories. In addition adolescents' ability to think abstractly and morally improves.
These cognitive changes are accompanied with hormonal changes, which make teenagers more attracted to exciting and new experiences. Their hormones also force them to seek out experiences which will raise their status above other individuals. The desire to try new things can be used to benefit others for instance, by taking part in a school play. It is possible to take a healthy risk for example, like exploring sexuality or other risky behavior when they are in a safe and secure environment.
Different rates of physical development may result in awkward phases of appearance as adolescents enter adolescence and also feelings of self-consciousness or anxiety over their body's changes. In certain traditions, such as those of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, adolescence might be a time when young people begin to establish their place in relation to their clans, families nations, ancestors, and their country.
Teens' relationships with their friends can be a source of comfort or conflict during this period. These relationships are essential for the health of adolescents and can significantly impact their happiness and wellbeing. The relationship between adolescents and parents can also be an important source of support, especially if they can work out family problems together in a non-threatening manner.